Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects how your body regulates blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is a vital source of energy for our cells, but we also need the hormone insulin to make sure that glucose enters the cells and fuels them properly. People with diabetes don't naturally produce enough insulin to regulate their glucose levels, so they struggle to maintain healthy levels of blood sugar.
Now that you have a better understanding of diabetes, let's talk about Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes and the differences between the two conditions.
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is often called "juvenile diabetes" because it is commonly diagnosed in children and young adults, though it can occur at any age. With type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body produces little to no insulin. Without enough insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of being absorbed by the cells, leading to high blood sugar levels.
People with Type 1 diabetes need to take insulin injections or use an insulin pump to survive. It's a lifelong condition that requires constant management, including monitoring blood sugar levels, following a balanced diet, exercising regularly and adjusting insulin doses as needed.
Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. Unlike Type 1, Type 2 diabetes typically develops over time and is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity and genetics. In Type 2 diabetes, the body either becomes resistant to the effects of insulin or doesn't produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood sugar levels. This leads to the same problem as Type 1 diabetes: elevated blood sugar levels.
Type 2 diabetes can often be managed with lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthier diet, increasing physical activity and losing weight if needed. Some people may also need oral medications or insulin therapy to help control their blood sugar levels.
Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes
Understanding the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes is crucial for effective management and treatment. Let's talk about the main differences between these two conditions.
Causes: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells; as such, Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented. However, Type 2 diabetes is primarily influenced by lifestyle factors such as obesity, diet, and lack of physical activity. So with lifestyle changes and guidance from a healthcare provider, Type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed.
Ages: Type 1 diabetes is often diagnosed in childhood or early adulthood, while Type 2 diabetes is more commonly diagnosed in adults.
Treatment: People with Type 1 diabetes rely on insulin therapy for survival. Those with Type 2 diabetes may initially manage their condition with lifestyle changes and oral medications; however, as Type 2 diabetes progresses, some people may also require insulin.
Symptoms: Both types of diabetes share common symptoms, such as increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue and blurred vision. However, the onset of symptoms may be more sudden and severe among Type 1 diabetics.
With proper management, people with diabetes can lead full and healthy lives, minimizing the risk of complications. Remember, knowledge is power when it comes to your health. If you suspect you or a loved one may have diabetes, it's essential to seek medical care as soon as possible.
About Odessa Medical Enterprises
We are the office of Dr. Khavar Dar, MD and Janette Ornelas, FNP-C, providing pulmonary, critical care and primary care to patients in Odessa, TX. At Odessa Medical Enterprises, we believe that compassion is crucial for effective treatment. Together, we consider it our mission to serve our community and beyond with the utmost care.